9th-century mosaic detail of Saint Paul, from the basilica of San Marco in Rome.
Lawrence OP, flickr. (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
The Oxford Handbook of Early Christian Studies by 
The Cambridge History of Early Christian Literature by 
Encyclopedia of Religion (2nd ed.) by Literature reviews provide a broad overview of what scholars have written about a particular topic or question. These allow you to get a sense of the scholarly consensus on an issue or where disagreements lie, who the key figures or authors may be in those debates, and what their positions are. The following are or provide different types of reviews.
Oxford Bibliographies Online provide literature reviews for a variety of fields including Biblical Studies. The essays, written by experts on the topic, are similar to an annotated bibliography.
Selected relevant entries
Most doctoral students write a dissertation, an often book-length argument based on extensive research on a given issue. Because the purpose of the dissertation is partly to demonstrate one's knowledge of a scholarly topic or area, these usually contain an extensive review of the relevant scholarly literature. These often will not look exactly like an annotated bibliography, but function similarly, though in a more continuous narrative form.
Often, there will be a section of the dissertation titled something like "review of the literature," or this may be the first or another early chapter.
Some examples of possibly relevant dissertations include:
